Spazio recommends: Christian Menn, Brücken



Switzerland has a very long and glorious bridge making tradition. Richard Coray, Robert Maillart, Othmar Ammann, Christian Menn, Jürg Conzett designed and built some of the most daring structures across rivers, valleys, and ravines. As Christian Menn clearly stated in this recent book: "a bridge cannot be built by one man alone. It is the work of many hands." By providing a link between two points, it connects people and sometimes countries and cultures. Bridge making is a collective undertaking, therefore a public concern.


Letziwald Bridges at Avers, 1959. Photos © Ralph Feiner

Switzerland's daunting topography has provided countless challenges to engineers. For a sparsely populated nation with so many remote valleys separated by high mountains, building an efficient road and rail network is instrumental for development. And bridges are a key element. A builder of bridges has to satisfy all applicable standards without them impeding progress, and has to design structures that are safe, durable, economical, environmentally sustainable and beautiful. Christian Menn's bridges are works of art.

Biaschina Viaduct at Giornico, 1979–1983. Photo © Ralph Feiner

Achieving such goals depends on the active involvement of public agencies and private interests. Today more than ever, the study of projects whose implementation has been possible only by balancing the needs of parties with opposite concerns is of the utmost importance.


Sunniberg Bridge, Klosters, 1996–1998. Photo © Ralph Feiner

The book was edited by Christian Menn and Caspar Schärer, with photographs by Ralph Feiner. It was published by Scheidegger & Spiess.

Plunging into the archive: mind the gap between images and words



ETH-Bibliothek Zürich, Bildarchiv / Fotograf: Arb, Giorgio von / Ans_04205-004 / CC BY-SA 4.0

This post introduces a series of reflections on what it means to do research in archives and repositories, on how to sort through millions of records to match what you are willing to tell with what you able to find. Searching for a needle in the haystack of history is a matter of semantics. Institutions use words to classify their collections. All search engines function through words. Words, keywords, and passwords are the perfect navigation tool because everything was at some point labeled, tagged. Words are links, are the way to enter inside things.



ETH-Bibliothek Zürich, Bildarchiv / Fotograf: Nigg, G. / Ans_01531 / CC BY-SA 4.0    

ETH-Bibliothek Zürich, Bildarchiv / Fotograf: Nigg, G. / Ans_01530 / CC BY-SA 4.0 

By now I know that documents are just documents and what really matters are the stories we can tell with them. Collections are made of objects and by objects I mean works of art, books, drawings, photographs, everyday products, data. All that can be labeled can be collected and saved from oblivion. These multitude of fragments become relevant when we link them together, when we extract them from the flow of history to say something meaningful about today.

ETH-Bibliothek Zürich, Bildarchiv / Fotograf: Stärk, Georg / Ans_00360 / CC BY-SA 4.0    

Further reading

Baudrillard, Jean. Passwords. New York: Verso, 2003.

Eco, Umberto. The Infinity of Lists. New York: Rizzoli, 2009

Feyerabend, Paul K. Against Method. An Outline of an Anarchist Theory of Knowledge. New York: Verso, 1975

Forty, Adrian. Words and Buildings. A Vocabulary of Modern Architecture. New York: Thames and Hudson, 2000.